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Welcome to the Tigray Knowledge Base

Strategic Vision

The Definitive Resource: This platform represents the transformation of tigray.ternafit.org into the world's most comprehensive, authoritative, and meticulously structured knowledge base on the Tigray region. Built for scholars, journalists, policymakers, and the global Tigrayan diaspora.

Tigray Banner

A Living Archive of Memory, Heritage, and Resilience

Ternafit presents a deeply layered, encyclopedic information architecture organized around the core pillars of Tigrayan identity: its ancient land, its profound history, the recent crucible of conflict, its rich cultural fabric, and its path toward the future.

Explore The Land Ancient History War Documentation


📢 This Free Resource is Sustained by Community Support

Your donations help preserve Tigray's history and provide essential documentation for researchers, journalists, and future generations.


Urgent Documentation

The 2020-2022 Tigray War was one of the deadliest conflicts of the 21st century. This knowledge base provides comprehensive documentation of the war's origins, conduct, and aftermath, based on international investigations and verified sources.

Begin with: The Path to War →


Core Knowledge Pillars

  • THE LAND


    Geography, geology, and environment of Tigray—from the rugged highlands to ancient geological formations and conservation efforts.

    Explore Geography →

  • HISTORY


    From the ancient kingdoms of D'mt and Aksum through medieval transformations to the modern era—3,000 years of documented history.

    Ancient Civilizations →

  • THE TIGRAY WAR (2020-2022)


    Comprehensive documentation of the war's causes, conduct, human rights atrocities, humanitarian crisis, and fragile peace.

    War Overview →

  • CULTURE & PEOPLE


    The rich tapestry of Tigrayan culture: language, faith, architecture, music, and the global diaspora preserving heritage.

    Cultural Heritage →


  • Curated Digital Library


    Essential books, reports, and academic sources forming the scholarly foundation for understanding Tigray.

    Browse Library →

  • Maps & Data


    Interactive maps, demographic data, and GIS-powered visualizations of Tigray's geography and development.

    Explore Data →

  • News Archive


    Comprehensive collection of news reports, analysis, and documentation from international sources.

    News Archive →

  • Academic Research


    Peer-reviewed articles, scholarly analyses, and research papers from leading institutions worldwide.

    Academic Sources →


Quick Access to Critical Information

War Documentation Priority Areas

The recent conflict necessitates urgent documentation and preservation of evidence:

Topic Status Access
Human Rights Atrocities Comprehensive View Documentation
Humanitarian Crisis Detailed Analysis Crisis Overview
Economic Devastation Complete Assessment Economic Impact
Post-Conflict Politics Ongoing Analysis Fragile Peace

Historical Foundations

Understanding contemporary Tigray requires deep historical context:

Period Significance Explore
Ancient Aksum (100-940 CE) Cradle of Ethiopian civilization Ancient History
Medieval Era (940-1800) Shifting power dynamics Medieval Period
Modern Era (1800-1991) Colonial resistance, revolutions Modern History

🌟 Our Impact

500K+ Visitors Annually
1,200+ Cited by Researchers
50+ Countries Reached
200+ Community Contributors

💬 What Researchers Say

"This resource was invaluable for my dissertation on Horn of Africa conflicts. The comprehensive documentation and verified sources made it an essential reference."

Dr. Maria Rodriguez
PhD Candidate, International Relations, Columbia University

"As a journalist covering the Tigray conflict, this knowledge base provided crucial context and verified data that informed my reporting for international media."

James Omondi
Investigative Journalist, BBC Africa

"An extraordinary repository of Tigrayan culture and history. Essential for anyone in the diaspora wanting to connect with their heritage."

Sara Gebreyesus
Community Leader, Tigray Diaspora Network

🔒 HTTPS Secure
Verified Sources
🏆 AI Magazine 2025 Recognition
🌍 International Partnerships

About This Knowledge Base

Mission: To create the definitive online resource for Tigray, serving students, academic researchers, policymakers, journalists, and the global Tigrayan diaspora.

Methodology: Evidence-based content using verified international sources, academic research, and documented testimonies.

Vision: A living archive for memory, education, historical preservation, and intellectual reconstruction.

How to Contribute

This knowledge base grows through community collaboration:

  • Research Contribution: Help expand content with verified sources
  • Translation: Assist with Tigrinya language content
  • Documentation: Preserve testimonies and historical records
  • Technical Support: Improve website functionality and accessibility

Contribute to the Project →


Latest Updates

Recent Additions

  • War Documentation: Complete analysis of 2020-2022 conflict phases
  • Digital Library: Curated collection of essential academic sources
  • Cultural Heritage: Documentation of destruction and preservation efforts
  • Post-Conflict Analysis: Ongoing monitoring of peace implementation

Upcoming Content

  • Environmental Conservation: Pre-war and post-war landscape changes
  • Diaspora Networks: Global Tigrayan communities and advocacy
  • Economic Recovery: Reconstruction efforts and development challenges
  • Educational Impact: War's effect on education and youth

Content Advisory

This knowledge base contains documentation of war crimes, human rights violations, and humanitarian crises. Content is based on verified international sources but may be disturbing. Reader discretion is advised for sensitive topics.

Content Tags: geography, demographics, economy, education, health, history, culture, war-memorial, current-affairs, historical-figures, resources, conflict-documentation, human-rights, cultural-preservation

  • Live Statistics


    Access real-time demographic data, economic indicators, and social metrics with downloadable datasets.

    View Data →

  • War Timeline


    Comprehensive documentation of the 2020-2022 Tigray War with verified sources and multimedia evidence.

    Timeline →

  • Data Downloads


    Download CSV files, GIS shapefiles, research papers, and high-resolution charts for academic use.

    Downloads →


Key Statistics

Latest Data (August 2025)

  • Total Population: 7.1 million (2024 est.)
  • Population Density: 89 people/km²
  • Urban Population: 22.4%
  • IDPs: 1.2 million (post-war)
  • Area: 80,000 km² (31,000 sq mi)
  • Highest Point: Ras Dashan (4,550m)
  • Climate Zones: 5 distinct zones
  • Administrative Zones: 7 zones, 35 woredas
  • GDP: $3.2 billion (2024 est.)
  • Main Exports: Sesame, livestock, gold
  • Agriculture: 45% of economy
  • Unemployment: 23% (post-war)

Historical Significance

Tigray stands as the cradle of Ethiopian civilization, home to:

  • Ancient Aksum - UNESCO World Heritage site with 1,700-year-old obelisks
  • Rock-hewn Churches - Over 200 ancient churches carved into mountains
  • Archaeological Sites - Evidence of human civilization dating back 3,000 years
  • Royal Palaces - Historic seats of Ethiopian emperors

Explore History


Never Again Memorial

War Impact (2020-2022)

The Tigray War resulted in devastating humanitarian consequences:

  • Estimated Deaths: 300,000-500,000 people
  • Civilian Casualties: 50,000-100,000 civilians
  • Displacement: 2.7 million people at peak
  • Infrastructure: 86% of health facilities damaged

Visit Memorial


Live Updates

Recent Developments

  • August 2025: Tekeze Bridge reconstruction completed, restoring vital transport link
  • July 2025: UN reports 2.1 million people still need humanitarian assistance
  • June 2025: Mekelle University reopens with limited capacity
  • May 2025: New IDP return statistics show 400,000 people returned home

View All News



About Ternafit

Ternafit NGO is a Swedish-Ethiopian organization dedicated to education, research, and humanitarian advocacy. This knowledge base represents years of collaboration with researchers, journalists, and Tigrayan communities worldwide.

Our Mission

"To preserve, document, and share the rich heritage and complex realities of Tigray with the world, ensuring that history is accurately recorded and future generations can learn from both triumphs and tragedies."

Learn More


Data Sources & Methodology

Our data comes from verified sources including:

  • Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (CSA)
  • United Nations Office for Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • International Organization for Migration (IOM)
  • Academic institutions and peer-reviewed research

All statistics are cross-referenced and uncertainties clearly indicated.

View Bibliography


Project Status

Last updated: October 29, 2025
Next update: Real-time data feeds updated daily
Version: 2025.10 (Current)